Prostate Cancer Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy. Thompson IM, Pauler DK, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Lucia MS, Parnes HL, et al. Prevalence of prostate cancer among men with a prostate specific antigen level lt or 4. Pancreas definition, a gland, situated near the stomach, that secretes a digestive fluid into the intestine through one or more ducts and also secretes the hormone. The role of neuroimaging in patients with brain tumors is no longer simply to evaluate structural abnormality and identify tumorrelated complications. By. 2 MRI of the Brain PRACTICE GUIDELINE Magnetic resonance imaging MRI of the brain is a proven and wellestablished imaging modality in the. N Engl J Med. 2. 00. May 2. 7. 3. 50 2. Medline. Wolf AM, Wender RC, Etzioni RB, Thompson IM, et al. American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of prostate cancer update 2. CA Cancer J Clin. Mar Apr. 6. 02 7. Medline. Guideline Draft Recommendation Statement Prostate Cancer Screening. U. S. Preventive Services Task Force. Available at https www. PageDocumentdraft recommendation statementprostate cancer screening. April 1. 1, 2. 01. Accessed April 1. Chustecka Z. Individualize, Says Prostate Cancer Screening From USPSTF. Medscape Medical News. CT Protocol for Acute Stroke Tips and Tricks for General Radiologists. Available at http www. April 1. 1, 2. 01. Accessed April 1. American Urological Association. AUA Disputes Panels Recommendations on Prostate Cancer Screening. May 2. 1, 2. 01. 2. Available at http www. USPSTFAUAResponse. Accessed Jan 2. 7 2. Hayes JH, Ollendorf DA, Pearson SD, Barry MJ, et al. Active surveillance compared with initial treatment for men with low risk prostate cancer a decision analysis. JAMA. 2. 01. 0 Dec 1. Medline. Full Text. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts Figures 2. In anatomy, the second cervical vertebra C2 of the spine is named the axis from Latin axis, axle or epistropheus. 1999 Palomino Pop Up Camper Owners Manual. By the atlantoaxial joint, it forms the pivot. Revolution CT provides uncompromised image quality and clinical capabilities through the convergence of coverage, spatial and temporal resolution all in one system. Management of localized prostate cancer. This diagram depicts the relevant anatomy of the male pelvis and genitourinary tract. Ct Brain Anatomy Pdf' title='Ct Brain Anatomy Pdf' />Primary brain tumors among adults are astrocytoma, meningioma, and oligodendroglioma. Brain tumor symptoms include headaches, nausea or vomiting, balance and walking. Massachusetts General Hospital Imaging offers dental CT computed tomography imaging services, providing dentists and oral surgeons with 3D images to aid in planning. Available at http www. Accessed January 2. Al Olama AA, Kote Jarai Z, Giles GG, Guy M, Morrison J, et al. Multiple loci on 8q. Nat Genet. 2. 00. Oct. 4. 11. 0 1. Medline. Ewing CM, Ray AM, Lange EM, Zuhlke KA, Robbins CM, et al. Germline mutations in HOXB1. N Engl J Med. 2. 01. Jan 1. 2. 3. 662 1. Medline. Harding A. Prostate Cancer Risk Doubled for Men With Lynch Syndrome. Medscape Medical News. Available at http www. Accessed May 2, 2. Raymond VM, Mukherjee B, Wang F, Huang SC, Stoffel EM, Kastrinos F, et al. Elevated Risk of Prostate Cancer Among Men With Lynch Syndrome. J Clin Oncol. 2. 01. Mar 2. 5. Medline. Hsing AW, Comstock GW. Serological precursors of cancer serum hormones and risk of subsequent prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. Jan Feb. 21 2. Medline. Thompson IM, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Lucia MS, Miller GJ, Ford LG, et al. The influence of finasteride on the development of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2. 00. Jul 1. 7. 3. 493 2. Medline. Andriole GL, Bostwick DG, Brawley OW, Gomella LG, et al. Effect of dutasteride on the risk of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2. 01. Apr 1. 3. 621. 3 1. Medline. ASCOAUA Special Announcement on FDA Decision Re Dutasteride. February 2, 2. 01. Full Text. FDA Drug Safety Communication 5 alpha reductase inhibitors 5 ARIs may increase the risk of a more serious form of prostate cancer. US Food and Drug Administration. Available at http www. DrugsDrug. Safetyucm. Accessed October 2. Weiner AB, Matulewicz RS, Eggener SE, Schaeffer EM. Increasing incidence of metastatic prostate cancer in the United States 2. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. Jul 1. 9. Medline. Full Text. Fowler JE Jr, Sanders J, Bigler SA, Rigdon J, Kilambi NK, Land SA. Percent free prostate specific antigen and cancer detection in black and white men with total prostate specific antigen 2. J Urol. 2. 00. 0 May. Medline. Eggener SE, Scardino PT, Walsh PC, Han M, et al. Predicting 1. 5 year prostate cancer specific mortality after radical prostatectomy. J Urol. 2. 01. 1 Mar. Medline. Cooperberg MR, Broering JM, Carroll PR. Risk assessment for prostate cancer metastasis and mortality at the time of diagnosis. J Natl Cancer Inst. Jun 1. 6. 1. 011. Medline. Full Text. Laidman J. Lower Mortality Associated With Opioid Sparing Prostatectomy. Medscape Medical News. Dec 1. 8 2. 01. 3. Full Text. Scavonetto F, Yeoh TY, Umbreit EC, et al. Association between neuraxial analgesia, cancer progression, and mortality after radical prostatectomy a large, retrospective matched cohort study. Br J Anaesth. 2. 01. Dec 1. 6. Medline. Kenfield SA, Stampfer MJ, Chan JM, Giovannucci E. Smoking and prostate cancer survival and recurrence. JAMA. 2. 01. 1 Jun 2. Medline. Full Text. Joshu CE, Mondul AM, Meinhold CL, Humphreys EB, Han M, Walsh PC, et al. Cigarette smoking and prostate cancer recurrence after prostatectomy. J Natl Cancer Inst. May 1. 8. 1. 031. Medline. Full Text. Mulcahy N. Men With Prostate Cancer Have Increased Risk for Melanoma. Medscape Medical News. Available at http www. Accessed November 1. Li WQ, Qureshi AA, Ma J, Goldstein AM, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ, et al. Personal History of Prostate Cancer and Increased Risk of Incident Melanoma in the United States. J Clin Oncol. 2. 01. Nov 4. Medline. Markert EK, Mizuno H, Vazquez A, Levine AJ. Molecular classification of prostate cancer using curated expression signatures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Dec 2. 7. 1. 085. Medline. Full Text. Ananthanarayanan V, Deaton RJ, Amatya A,et al. Subcellular localization of p. Hum Pathol. 2. 01. Jun. 4. 26 8. 73 8. Medline. Full Text. Mulcahy N. Tool Updated for Predicting Prostate Cancer Severity. Available at http www. Accessed January 1. Eifler JB, Feng Z, Lin BM, Partin MT, Humphreys EB, Han M, et al. An updated prostate cancer staging nomogram Partin tables based on cases from 2. BJU Int. 2. 01. 3 Jan. Medline. National Cancer Institute. Prostate Cancer Screening PDQ. Available at http www. Health. Professionalallpages. Accessed October 2. De. Castro GJ, Jayram G, Razmaria A, Shalhav A, Zagaja GP. Functional outcomes in African Americans after robot assisted radical prostatectomy. J Endourol. 2. 01. Aug. 2. 68 1. 01. Medline. Margel D, Baniel J, Wasserberg N, Bar Chana M, Yossepowitch O. Radiation therapy for prostate cancer increases the risk of subsequent rectal cancer. Ann Surg. 2. 01. 1 Dec. Medline. Wilt TJ, Brawer MK, Jones KM, Barry MJ, Aronson WJ, et al. Radical prostatectomy versus observation for localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2. 01. Jul 1. 9. 3. 673 2. Medline. Full Text. Wilt TJ, Jones KM, Barry MJ, Andriole GL, Culkin D, Wheeler T, et al. Follow up of Prostatectomy versus Observation for Early Prostate Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2. 01. Jul 1. 3. 3. 77 2 1. Medline. What tests can detect prostate cancer early American Cancer Society. Available at http www. CancerProstate. CancerMore. InformationProstate. Cancer. Early. Detectionprostate cancer early detection acs recommendations. April 1. 4, 2. 01. Accessed August 3, 2. Guideline National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Prostate Cancer Early Detection. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Available at https www. Version 1. 2. 01. June 5, 2. 01. 7 Accessed July 2. Guideline Screening for Prostate Cancer Current Recommendation. US Preventive Services Task Force. May 2. 01. 2. U. S. Preventive Services Task Force. Available at http www. PageDocumentUpdate. Summary. Finalprostate cancer screening Accessed August 7, 2. Chustecka Z. AUA Issues New Guidelines on PSA Screening. Medscape Medical News. Available at http www. Accessed May 1. 4, 2. Guideline Qaseem A, Barry MJ, Denberg TD, Owens DK, Shekelle P. Screening for Prostate Cancer A Guidance Statement From the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2. Apr 9. Medline. Andriole GL, Crawford ED, Grubb RL 3rd, Buys SS, et al. Mortality results from a randomized prostate cancer screening trial. N Engl J Med. 2. 00. Mar 2. 6. 3. 601. Medline. Full Text. Schrder FH, Hugosson J, Roobol MJ, Tammela TL, et al. Screening and prostate cancer mortality in a randomized European study. N Engl J Med. 2. 00.